Pump-injector apparatus



Spt. 10, 1935. J. NICOLAS 2,014,088

PUMP INJECTOR APPARATUS Filed Nov. 8, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 10,119.35. J. NlcoLAs PUMP INJECTOR APPARATUS Filed Nov. 8, 1934 2 sheets-sheet 2 K :4 vf),

Tenn Nil-@los INVENToQ. v

i 964 AT1-w Patented Sept. v104, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE; .l

PUMP-mmc'rcn APPARATUS Jean Nicolas,Levallois-Perret, France, assignor to Compagnie `Lilloise De Moteurs, Levallois- Perret, France Application November s, 1934, serial No. 752.044 In France NovemberI 10, 1933 a claims. (chase-107.2)

The present invention. has for its object a pump-injector apparatus for the supply of motors of the heavy oil type and for all other uses, which is chiey characterized by the fact that the `in- I,

jector and the pump have the coaxial position and are placed in line.

From this it will result that on the one hand the path from the pump to the injector is very short and direct. and on the other hand the force exerted on the pump to assure its operating will also aord non-leaking conditions for the inerence to the axis of the pump and injector.

The said lever preferably vconsists of a casing in which the pump and injector" are mounted, thus forming a compact unit.

vAccording to another characteristic, the said casing which forms a lever is applied against a .l y

necessary to screw the bolt I1 into the member 8 ball-and-socket joint through which is brought the liquid to be injected, which enters the body of the pump after traversing the said casing. f

Further characteristics will be set forth in the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, which are given solely by way of example: j

Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a pump-injector apparatus according to the-invention.

Fig. 2 isa section, on alarger scale, of the retaining device situated between the pump and the injector.

Fig. 3 is a partial section of a modification of said retaining device.

. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

A. In the example of execution represented, the pump-injector set is adapted for the fuel supply of `a motor, the wall ot whose cylinder is reprea sented at I (Fig. 1).' In this wall I is formed a tapped holeZ, into which is screwed a cylindrical member 3 which is bored at `two different diameters at 4 and 5. The end-of the bore 4 communicated with the cylinder l by a hole 5. At the exterlor, the ymember 3 comprises a shoulder. 1`.

On the cylinder 3 is mounted a member l which bears against the shoulder 1 through the medium 'of a ring 9 forming a ball 'and socket joint. This member I is provided with a stud III adapted flor insertion into a circular recess II in the wall of the cylinder I, thus preventing it from turning about the axis X--X of the. cylindrical member 3.

The member 8 is connected with the conduit IZ for the supply of fuel, and this conduit is extended into the member 8by a right-angled channel I3 which opens at the end of a hemispherical' member I4 Awhich is separately secured and serves .to form a ball-and-socket joint. Upon this member I4 is caused to bear, by a hemispherical part, a casing I5 which consists of two parts a b c d other, the part a e f g being cylindrical and having an external diameter which is equal, save for the play, to the bore 5 of the cylinder 3, in which this part a e j g is slidable.

and a e f g, which are perpendicular to one anto The casing I5 is freely traversed, through a tube 15 I6, by a bolt Il. This bolt I1 comprises a circular shoulder I8, in contact with a bearing part I9 of the casing I5, from which it cannot be separated, Y owing, for example, to a pin 20. The threaded part 2l of the bolt Il is screwed into a tapped2 hole 2 2 in the member 8'. v

It will be at once observed that it is simply which bears, by means of the ball-and-socket casing I5 which is in contact with the ball-andsocket joint I4 will be obliged to pivot, in the direction of the arrow f1, about this joint I4. Due to this pivoting, the cylindrical part a e ,f g of the casing I5, whose part a b c d forms a lever, will enter the cylinder 5, the coincidence, according to the straight line X-X, between the axes of the cylinder 5 and of the part a e ,f g of the casing I5, being possible in spite of the pivoting of said casing I5 on the" ball-and-socket joint I4,

'owing to the second ball-and-socket joint 9. r It is observed,` that in f act, the screwing of the bolt I1 results, 4as it were, in pressing, on either side forth.`

It is thus observed that the mounting and removal of the casing I5 and the parts which it ing the bolt I1,l e j In the-cylindrical part a e j'v g of the casing I5 and in its extended part, is located, on the axis movement\\being limited, as will be further set 45 carries is eifectedby simply screwing or unscrew- -50 place between an internal shoulder 23 of the 56 bers.

casing I5 and a cap 24 screwed to the end of the cylinder d e f g. This cap is apertured at its centre in order to give passage to the body 25 of the injector. This body 25, which is situated in the small bore 4 of the member 3, comprises an end part 26 of smaller diameter, which is centered in the hole 6 in the end of the member 3. The body 25 is bored' axially at 21, and the bore is terminated by a conical bearing part 28, after which is a small hole adapted for the discharge of the liquid injected. The body 25 comprises a shoulder 29 which bears, in the interior of the cylindrical part a e ,f g of the casing I5, against the cap 24.

In the body, 25 of the injector is mounted the needle 30 whose conical end provides, with the conical part 28 'of the body 25 of the injector, a small space for the passage of the liquid. This space is extended between the bore 21 and the needle 30 by longitudinal grooves 3| formed in this needle 30. The latter is extended by a base 32 which is pierced axially at 33, and the hole 33 communicates with the grooves 3l through small oblique channels 34, formed at the base of the needle 30. The base 32 has a conical surface 35, in contact with the conical surface of another member 36. This member 36 is in contact with another member 31, and the latter is in contact'with another member 38 which is in turn in contact with the base 39 of the cylindrical body 4D of the pump. This base 39 is in contact,

Iby means of a shoulder 4I, with the shoulder 23 of the casing I5.

It is thus observed that the series 25-32-36- 31-38--39 is maintained in the casing I5 between the cap 24 and the shoulder 23.

Upon screwing down the bolt I1, the )casing I5 presses, by means of the shoulder 23, against the said series, and the whole will be displaced according to the axis X-X towards the cylinder I, until the body 25 of the injector makes contact with the end of the bore 4 of the member 3, and preferably .through the intermediary of a tight packing piece 42.

By screwing down the bolt I1, this will assur a perfect contact between the respective contact surfaces of the various pieces of the set of mem- These surfaces 43--44 are conical (Figs. 2 and 3). It should be noted that these conical surfaces of contact are relatively reduced, so that the said set of members may bev considered as a real jointed device, permitting slight angular displacements of the members with reference to one another;' this affords a connection which is practically exible, between the cylinder 40 of the pump and the injector 25.

The communication between the cylinder 40 of the pump and the central hole 33 of the base 32 of the injector needle is made, according to the axis X-X, through the holes 45 (Figs. 2-3) in the members of the set. Between each of these members is located a clack valve consisting of a ball 46 which is urged upon its seating by a spring 41. The movements of the balls are limited by the conical surfaces 48 of the members of the set, and such conical surfaces 48 may be the extension, towards the axis, of the female conical surfaces 43 which serve for the contact between the members of the set (Fig. 3). Recesses 49, holes or like arrangements afford the communication, when each ball, Vbeing raised from its seating, has made contact with the conical surface 48 which limits its movement.

In the cylinder (Fig. 1) is mounted a piston 50 being reciprocated and assuring, in combination with the ports 5I of the cylinder 40, the admission of the liquid into the cylinder 40, and then its discharge to the injector. The liquid proceeds from the ball-and-socket joint I4 to the cylinder 40, and preferably through a set of bailies 52.

Obviously, the fluid control in the cylinder 40 may be of any type. In the example represented,

it is assured in a known manner by the combination of two ports 5I of the cylinder 40, and by a recess 53, of variable length from one end to the other, provided in the piston 50; this recess 53 communicates with the end 54 of the cylinder, through an axial channel 55 in the piston 5D, and thus the cylinder 40 communicates with the interior of the casing I5 during a certain part of the strokevof the piston towards the end 54 of the cylinder, which depends upon the angular position of the piston about the axis X-X. In the position herein represented, the effective stroke of the discharge is nul (as'the cylinder 40 remains in permanent communication with and casing I5). In order to obtain a period of discharge, and a period of increasing length,

it is simply necessary to turn the piston on its axis X-X so as to bring into coincidence, with the ports 5I portions of decreasing length of the recess 53 of the piston. The rotation of the piston 50 is assured, for example, by means of a rotatable cup member 56, which is operated by means of the stud 51, and said member 56 has a longitudinal groove 58 in which is engaged an arm 59 mounted on a disc 60 secured to the piston 50. It will thus be observed that the rotation of the member 56 assures the rotation of the piston 50 about the axis X-X.

The alternate displacements of the piston 50 along the axis may be obtained in any known manner. In the example herein represented, the end 6I of the piston 50 is connected by a universal joint with the end of a lever 62. This lever 62 is held fast on another lever 63 by means of any device which permits to vary their relative angular position with reference to an axis Y-Y. In the example herein represented (Figs. 1 to 4), in the lever 62 is screwed a, screw 64 whose end 65 bears upon the lever 63. On the other hand, a screw 66 is mounted in the lever 63, and it bears at 61 upon the lever 62, which it loosely traverses. The end of the lever 62 bears at 68 upon the lever 63. As will be noted, these two levers 62-63 are connected together at three points n n- 0, two of which (m, n) are adjustable in position. A fscrew 69, screwed in the lever 63 and loosely traversing a fork 10 secured to the lever 62, serves to maintain the lever 62 adjacent the lever 63.

The said lever 63, which rotates in a support .1I (Fig. 4), is extended on one side by a sleeve held, by two flat parts 11, a rod 18 which is elastic and is adapted to operate by torsion. The other end of said rod is held in like manner by flat parts 19 (Figs. 4-5) in a socket 8l),l which can be turned by a screw 8| in a bore 82 in a stationary support 83. By means of said screw BI, an angular position is given to the socket 8l) in such a way that the rod 18 will already have a certain torsion when the lever 14, which is connected with this rod by the tube 13 and the sleeve 12, is applied with a certain pressure depending upon this torsion, against the circular part of the cam 15.

The operation is as follows. During each rotation of the cam 15, the lever 14 turns in the direction of the arrow f2 (Fig. l), and it bringsj with it, by means of the sleeve 12, the lever 63.

This rotation produces an additional torsion of the rod 18 which holds the lever 14 against `the cam 15, even when the boss of said cam has passed beyond this lever 14. Thus the vrod 18 causes the return movement of the lever 14.

By means of the lever 62 angularly connected with the lever 63, the piston 50 moves towards the end 54 of the cylinder by the action of the cam 15, and it separates from the same by the action of the rod 18.

During each movement of the piston towards y the end 54 of the cylinder, a certain quantity of liquid fuel is driven through the check valves to the injector, and this causes its spraying in the cylinder of the motor.

The pump-injector apparatus above described offers numerous advantages.

By' reason of the arrangement of the injector and the pump on a common axis X-X, the path of the liquid between thesev two devices is reduced. On the other hand, the force exerted on the piston 5U, which is manifested by a pressure upon the liquid, is imparted, by the pressurev of the liquid upon the balls 4 5, to the members 38-3136, which are thus strongly pressed torgather, and this assures non-leaking conditions for the set of members, while at the same time providing a device which, as above stated, provides for slight angular movements of the pump with reference to the injector. y

On the other hand,the form of the cas'ng I5, with its lateral attachment, assures a m st approved pressure between the parts, both on the side of the injector andthe pump as on the side of the ball-and-socket joint I4, through which the feeding takes place.

It should be noted that since the distances :i: and 1,' between the axis of the bolt I1 and the axes X-X and Z-Z passing through the center of the ball-and-socket joint I4 are known, it is possible to suitably choose the dimensions of the threads of the bolt I1, in such manner that whatever be the forceexerted upon the said bolt I1, the pressure in the set 25-32-36-31-38 will not exceed the value allowedby the strength of the connecting parts, and the threads of the bolt II will yield beforethis critical value has ,been attained. y,/

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the method of execution herein represented and described which has been chosen solely by way of example.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to se/cure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, a pump provided with a cylinder having at one end a discharge opening and with a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, an injector having its longitudinal axis l substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and'passing through said discharge cylinder, a pivot situated laterallywith relation said cylinder, said communicating means, said 5 injector and said stop means are maintained in lcontact with each other.

2. In combination, a pump provided with a cylinder having at one end a discharge opening and with a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, an injector-having its longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and passing through said discharge opening, communicatingmeans between saidinjector and said discharge opening, a casing in which said injector, said'communicating means and said cylinder are adapted to slide, stop means in said casing adapted to cooperate with said injector s'o as to limit the displacement of said injector, a pivoting lever connected with said 20 cylinder, a pivot situated laterally with relation to said cylinder at a distance from'said cylinder and about which said casing and said lever are r0- tatably mounted, and clamping means adapted to urge said lever and said casing towards each other, whereby said cylinder, vsai'd communicating means, said injector and said stop means are maintained in contact with each other.

3. In combination, a pump provided with a cylinder having at one end a discharge opening and with a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, an injector having its longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and passing through said discharge opening, communicating means between said injector and said discharge opening, a casing in which said injector, said communicating means and said cylinder are adapted to slide, stop means in said casing adapted to cooperate with said injector so as to limit the displacement ofsaid injector, a pivoting lever connected with said cylinder, a pivot situated laterally with relation to said cylinder at a distance from, said cylinder substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and passing through said discharge 'opening, communicating means between said injector land said discharge opening, a ,casing in which said injector, said communicating means and said cylinder are adapted to slide, stop means in said casing adapted to cooperate with said injector so as to limit the displacement of said injector, a hollow pivoting lever connected with said cylinder and communicating with said intake opening, a pivot situated laterally with relation to said cylinder at a distance from said cylinder, about which said casing and said lever are rotatably mounted, and provided with a conduit communicating with the inner space of said hollow lever, and clamping means adapted to urge said lever and said casing towards each other, whereby said cylinder, said communicating means, saidinjector and said stop means are maintained in contact with each other.

5. In combination a pump provided with a cylinder having at one end a discharge opening and with a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, an injector having its longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and passing through said discharge opening, a number of intermediate members inserted in line between said injector and said end of said cylinder, provided with central orices in line with said longitudinal axis of said linjector and provided with substantially spherical cooperating contact surfaces allowing said members to move slightly with' relation to-each other and to maintain a tight joint between said members, a check valve for at least one of said orices, a bell crank lever, one arm at least of Which is hollow and adapted to guide and to maintain in contact said cylinder, said intermediate members and said injector, a casing in which said. one of said arms is adapted to slide, stop means in said casing adapted to limit the displacement of said injector, an auxiliary lever, substantially spherical cooperating surfaces on said casing and on said auxiliary lever whereby said casing and said auxiliary lever are adapted to move slightly with relation to each other, a pivot situated laterally with relation to said cylinder at a distance from said cylinder, about which said auxiliary lever and the second arm of said `bell crank lever are rotatably mounted, and clamping means adapted to urge said auxiliary lever and said second arm of said bell crank lever towards each other, whereby said cylinder, said intermediate members, said injector and said 'stop means are maintained in contact with each other.

6. A combination according to claim 1, comprising further a xed bearing, a tubular member journalled in said bearing, a rst lever secured on said tubular member and connected with said piston, a rotatable cam, a second lever secured on said tubular member and adapted to ber, and an elastic rod adapted to be subjected` to torsion and secured on one side to said xed member and on the other side to the other end of said tubular member.

7. A combination according to claim 1, comprising further a xed bearing, a tubular member journalled in said bearing, a first lever secured on said tubular member and connected with said piston, a rotatable cam, a second lever secured on said tubular member and adapted to be brought into contact with said cam, a xed member adjacent one end of said tubular member, an elastic rod adapted to be subjected to torsion and secured on one side to said xed member and on the other side to the other end of said tubular member, and adjusting means adapted to turn said xed member about the axis of said tubular member.

8. A combination according to claim 1, comprising further a fixed bearing, a tubular member journalled in said bearing, a rst lever secured on said tubular member, a universal joint connecting said lever and said piston, a rotatable cam, a second lever secured on said tubular member and adapted to be brought into contact with said cam. a xed member adjacent one end of said tubular member, and an elastic rod adapted to be subjected to torsion and secured on one side to said fixed member and on the other side to the other end of said tubular member.

9. A combination according to claim 1 comprisingT further a fixed bearing, a tubular member journalled in said bearing, a rst lever se- ('ured on said tubular member, an arm secured to said lever, angularly adjustable with relation to said lever, and connected with said piston, a rotatable cam, a second lever secured on said tubular member and adapted to be brought into ccntact with said cam, a fixed member adjacent one end of said tubular member, and an elastic rod adapted to be subjected to torsion and secured on one side to said xed member and on the other side to the other end of said tubular member.

JEAN NICOLAS. 

